Season the chicken breasts with salt, pepper, and half of the garlic powder and Italian seasoning. Bake until fully cooked, then dice into bite-sized pieces.
Meanwhile, cook the pasta until it is about 2 minutes less than al dente. Reserve one cup of pasta water before draining.
In a large skillet, melt the butter over medium heat.
Cook the onion, celery, and carrot until softened, about 5–7 minutes.
Stir in the cream of mushroom soup, cream of chicken soup, chicken broth, sour cream, reserved pasta water, the rest of the garlic seasoning and Italian seasoning, and half of the shredded cheese.
Mix until smooth and creamy.
Fold in the cooked chicken and pasta until everything is evenly coated.
Transfer to a greased 9×13 casserole dish. Sprinkle top with remaining shredded cheese.